A lifelong civil rights activist, Parks' name has become synonymous with her refusal to give up her seat to a white man on a segregated bus in , a defining As early as , the ongoing conflict between the North and the South over the issue of slavery led Southern On February 4, , Patty Hearst, the year-old granddaughter of newspaper publisher William Randolph Hearst, is kidnapped from her apartment in Berkeley, California, by three armed strangers.
Her fiancee, Stephen Weed, was beaten and tied up along with a neighbor who tried to The first U. Sign up now to learn about This Day in History straight from your inbox. Karen Carpenter, a singer who long suffered under the burden of the expectations that came with pop stardom, died on February 4, , succumbing to heart failure brought on by her long, unpublicized struggle with anorexia.
Carpenter had a fixation with her weight from her Based on the famous fairy tale by the Brothers Grimm, Snow White opened President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin meet to discuss the Allied war effort against Germany and Japan and to try and settle some nagging diplomatic issues.
While a number of important agreements were reached at the The acquisition came at a time when Ford, founded in , was losing market share to its competitor General Motors, which offered a range of automobiles while Live TV.
John Adams received 34 electoral votes and 10 other candidates split 35 electoral votes. Prior to the ratification of the 12th Amendment in , the candidate who received the most electoral votes became president and the second place candidate became vice-president. Following his election, Washington established precedents that shaped the American presidency. In his first year in office, Washington signed the Judiciary Act of , which established the federal court system in the United States.
During his presidency, Washington appointed three chief justices and eight associate justices to the Supreme Court , the most of any president in the country's history. Postal Service, and established the first national bank in order to deal with the debt incurred from the American Revolution.
Washington was re-elected to a second term in He received electoral votes, John Adams received 77 electoral votes, George Clinton received 50 electoral votes, and two other candidates split 5 electoral votes.
In , Washington, on the recommendation of his Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton, imposed an excise tax on distilled spirits to help bring down the national debt.
Opposition to the tax came to a head in when uprisings broke out in Western Pennsylvania among farmers and distillers. To quell the uprisings, Washington led the U. By the time that they reached Pittsburgh, the rebels had dispersed, ending the uprisings. The tax was repealed by then-President Thomas Jefferson in In , Washington signed the Fugitive Slave Act, which allowed slave owners to retrieve runaway slaves if they were caught in the northwest.
He also signed the Slave Trade Act of , which limited the importation of slaves to the United States. After Washington resigned from the presidency on March 4, , he returned to Mount Vernon. He served as commander-in-chief of the United States Army from to He died on December 14, , from a throat infection at his home in Mount Vernon.
Washington was married to Martha Dandridge Custis Washington from until his death in Washington had no biological children but helped his wife raise two step-children as well as four step-grandchildren. Candidates in the election are labeled as Federalists or Anti-Federalists according to whether they supported or opposed ratification of the Constitution. By the time the Second Continental Congress convened a year later, the American Revolution had begun in earnest, and Washington was named commander in chief of the Continental Army.
Washington proved to be a better general than military strategist. His strength lay not in his genius on the battlefield but in his ability to keep the struggling colonial army together.
His troops were poorly trained and lacked food, ammunition and other supplies soldiers sometimes even went without shoes in winter. However, Washington was able to give them the direction and motivation. His leadership during the winter of at Valley Forge was a testament to his power to inspire his men to keep going.
Over the course of the grueling eight-year war, the colonial forces won few battles but consistently held their own against the British.
In October , with the aid of the French who allied themselves with the colonists over their rivals the British , the Continental forces were able to capture British troops under General Charles Cornwallis in the Battle of Yorktown. This action effectively ended the Revolutionary War and Washington was declared a national hero.
However, in , he was asked to attend the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia and head the committee to draft the new constitution. At first Washington balked. He wanted to, at last, return to a quiet life at home and leave governing the new nation to others.
But public opinion was so strong that eventually he gave in. The first presidential election was held on January 7, , and Washington won handily. Because Washington, D. While in office, he signed a bill establishing a future, permanent U. The United States was a small nation when Washington took office, consisting of 11 states and approximately 4 million people, and there was no precedent for how the new president should conduct domestic or foreign business.
Mindful that his actions would likely determine how future presidents were expected to govern, Washington worked hard to set an example of fairness, prudence and integrity. In foreign matters, he supported cordial relations with other countries but also favored a position of neutrality in foreign conflicts. Domestically, he nominated the first chief justice of the U. Supreme Court , John Jay , signed a bill establishing the first national bank, the Bank of the United States , and set up his own presidential cabinet.
His two most prominent cabinet appointees were Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton , two men who disagreed strongly on the role of the federal government. Washington believed that divergent views were critical for the health of the new government, but he was distressed at what he saw as an emerging partisanship. March 26, First naturalization law. Congress passes the United States' first naturalization law, establishing terms of citizenship.
May 29, Ratifying the Constitution. May 31, President Washington signs the first United States copyright law. July 16, Establishing the capital. August 4, Revolutionary War debts. December 6, December 13, Creating a national bank. November 4, December 15, Ratifying the Bill of Rights. January 12, Appointing Thomas Pinckney.
October 13, The President's mansion. The cornerstone for the President's mansion is laid in Washington D. December 1, April 22, Proclaiming neutrality. May 18, Receiving french envoy. October 1, Straining relations with Britain. December 31, March 1, April 16, Special envoy to Britain. July 1, Farmers' rebellion. August 20, Battle of Fallen Timbers. November 19, America's forgotten founding father.
January 31, June 24, Ratifying the Jay Treaty. October 27, November 1,
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